Cast Iron Pipe; Some Notes and Tables ... (Paperback)

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1906 edition. Excerpt: ...advantages derived from the use of cast iron pipe for culverts. One length of cast iron pipe will lay 12 feet, and may be used instead of six 2-foot lengths of vitrified pipe, thus minimi2ing the risk of washout by markedly reducing the number of joints. As compared with a brick or stone culvert, the cast iron pipe culvert is less liable to be affected by the action of frost, while the smooth interior of the pipe is not easily obstructed and may readily be cleaned. Aside from this, cast iron pipe culverts are of relatively great strength and easily and cheaply put down, it being simply necessary to see that the pipe have an even bearing, that the joints are supported and that the material about the pipe is carefully tamped under and around them, at least up to their center line. They are often laid even without the setting in masonry of the upstream end. A brick or masonry facing, however, is desirable for permanent culverts, as tending to prevent undermining the pipe. Where roads cross streams which in times of freshet may be greatly enlarged, it is not unusual to provide several parallel lines of pipe to take care of the increased flow. We now make cast iron pipe up to 84 inches inside diameter, as shown in Table No. 2. Where there is not space for the larger diameters, two or more parallel lines of smaller pipe may often be used to advantage. The following table shows the weight per cubic foot of embankment material. To determine the pressure per square foot of embankment upon the hori2ontal surface of pipe, multiply the weight per cubic foot by the height of the fill above the pipe. Thus it will be seen, for high embankments only heavy pipe should be used, and great care taken to so lay the pipe that they will not be subject to undue...