1657 in International Relations - 1657 Treaties, States and Territories Established in 1657, Treaty of Bromberg, Sayn-Wittgenstein-Hohenstein (Paperback)

Purchase includes free access to book updates online and a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Chapters: 1657 Treaties, States and Territories Established in 1657, Treaty of Bromberg, Sayn-Wittgenstein-Hohenstein, Treaty of Vienna, Sayn-Wittgenstein-Vallendar, Treaty of Raalte. Excerpt: The Treaty of Bromberg (German: ) or Treaty of Bydgoszcz was a treaty between John II Casimir of Poland and Elector Frederick William of Brandenburg-Prussia, ratified at Bromberg (Bydgoszcz) on 6 November 1657. The treaty consisted of several agreements, including the Treaty of Wehlau signed on 19 September 1657 by the Brandenburg-Prussian and Polish-Lithuanian envoys in Wehlau (Welawa, now Znamensk). Thus, the treaty of Bromberg is sometimes referred to as treaty of Wehlau-Bromberg or Treaty of Wehlau and Bromberg. In exchange for military aid in the Second Northern War and the return of Ermland (Ermeland, Warmia) to Poland, the Polish king granted the Hohenzollern of Brandenburg hereditary sovereignty in the Duchy of Prussia, pawned Draheim and Elbing (Elblg) to Brandenburg, and handed over Lauenburg and Btow Land to the Hohenzollern as a hereditary fief. The treaty was confirmed and internationally recognized in the Peace of Oliva in 1660. While Elbing was kept by Poland, Lauenburg and Btow Land and Draheim were subsequently integrated into Brandenburg-Prussia. The sovereignty in Prussia constituted the basis for the later coronation of the Hohenzollern as Prussian kings. Wehlau-Bromberg remained in effect until it was superseded by the Treaty of Warsaw (1773) following the First Partition of Poland. Frederick William I, Elector of Brandenburg and Duke of PrussiaThe Duchy of Prussia was established as a Polish fief under duke Albrecht (Albert) in the Treaty of Cracow of 8 April 1525. The fief was hereditary, and in case Albrecht or his brothers' house went ... More: http://booksllc.net/?id=988959