9th-Century Treaties - Treaty of Verdun, Treaty of 815, Treaty of Alfred and Guthrum, Treaty of Meerssen, Treaty of Wedmore, Pax Nicephori (Paperback)

Chapters: Treaty of Verdun, Treaty of 815, Treaty of Alfred and Guthrum, Treaty of Meerssen, Treaty of Wedmore, Pax Nicephori, Treaty of Ribemont, Treaty of Heiligen, Pactum Sicardi. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 35. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: The Treaty of 815 (Bulgarian: ) was a 30-year peace agreement signed in Constantinople between the Bulgarian Khan Omurtag and the Byzantine Emperor Leo V the Armenian. With the succession of Khan Krum on the Bulgarian throne in 803 began the last and decisive part of the prolonged succession of ByzantineBulgarian conflicts which started in 756. For a little over a decade until his death in 814, Krum achieved significant successes over the Byzantine Empire, seizing the important city of Serdica in 809 and decisively defeating the Byzantine armies at the Varbitsa pass and at Versinikia. His son and successor Omurtag tried to continue Krum's aggressive policy but his campaign in 814 was stopped by the Byzantines. As both countries were exhausted by the sustained military effort, peace negotiations began. Leo V the Armenian.In the beginning of 815 Omurtag sent emissaries to Constantinople to negotiate the peace. The signing ceremony was a solemn event and performed in the presence of numerous people. The agreement envisaged that the Byzantine Emperor must vow according to the pagan Bulgarian customs and Omurtag's emissaries according to the Christian laws. The Byzantine historians were outraged by the emperor's actions. They recorded that the "most Christian" ruler had to pour out water on the ground from a cup, to personally turn round horse saddles, to touch triple bridle and to lift grass high above the ground. Another historian added that Leo V had to even cut up dogs as witnesses to his vow. The Bulgarian ruler Omurtag sends deleg...More: http: //booksllc.net/?id=2448010