Combination Antibiotics - Co-Trimoxazole, Co-Amoxiclav, Quinupristin-Dalfopristin, Imipenem-Cilastatin, Co-Fluampicil, Ampicillin-Sulbactam (Paperback)

Chapters: Co-Trimoxazole, Co-Amoxiclav, Quinupristin/dalfopristin, Imipenem/cilastatin, Co-Fluampicil, Ampicillin/sulbactam, Synulox, Piperacillin/tazobactam, Penimepicycline, Panipenem/betamipron, Pantopac. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 37. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: Co-trimoxazole (abbreviated SXT, TMP-SMX, TMP-SMZ or TMP-sulfa) is a sulfonamide antibiotic combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole, in the ratio of 1 to 5, used in the treatment of a variety of bacterial infections. The name co-trimoxazole is the British Approved Name, and has been marketed worldwide under many trade names including Septra (GSK), Bactrim (Roche), and various generic preparations. Sources differ as to whether co-trimoxazole usually is bactericidal or bacteriostatic. The synergy between trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole was first described in a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments published in the last 1960's. Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole have a greater effect when given together than when given separately; the reasons is because they inhibit successive steps in the folate synthesis pathway (see diagram below). It is unclear whether this synergy occurs at doses used in humans, because at the concentrations seen in blood and tissues, the ratio of trimethoprim to sulphamethoxazole is 1:20, which is less than the 1:5 ratio needed in vitro for synergy to occur. Sulfamethoxazole acts as a false-substrate inhibitor of dihydropteroate synthetase. Sulfonamides such as sulfamethoxazole are analogues of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and are competitive inhibitors of the enzyme; inhibiting the production of dihydropteroic acid. Trimethoprim acts by interfering with the action of bacterial dihydrofolate reductase, inhibiting synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid. Folic acid is an essential p...More: http: //booksllc.net/?id=99563