Districts of Giresun - Ebinkarahisar, Espiye, Alucra, Gorele, Tirebolu, Eynesil, Camoluk, YA L Dere, Do Ankent, Dereli, Bulancak, Guce, Piraziz (Paperback)

Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Chapters: ebinkarahisar, Espiye, Alucra, Gorele, Tirebolu, Eynesil, Camoluk, Ya l dere, Do ankent, Dereli, Bulancak, Guce, Piraziz, Ke ap, Canakc . Source: Wikipedia. Free updates online. Not illustrated. Excerpt: ebinkarahisar - The 6th century Byzantine historian Procopius writes that the Roman general Pompey captured the then ancient fortress and renamed it Koloneia. A Greek inscription of the ninth or tenth century found in the fortress securely identifies ebinkarahisar with Koloneia. Curiously, the Seljuk historian Ibn Bibi and 14th century coins minted by the Eretnids record an Armenian variation of the name, Kooniya. In the 11th century, a second name becomes associated with the place: the town retains the name Koloneia but the fortress above is called Mavrokastron, Greek for "Black Fortress." The Turkish toponym Karahisar, appearing first in the 14th century, is a translation of Mavrokastron. The town was later called apkarahisar ("Black Fortress of Alum") or arkikarahisar ("Black Fortress of the East") to differentiate it from Afyonkarahisar farther to the west. The place has been known as ebinkarahisar since the 19th century. The recorded history of ebinkarahisar begins with the Third Mithridatic War. After the defeat of Mithridates VI, Pompey strengthened the town's fortifications and founded a Roman colony. ebinkarahisar fell to the Turks soon after the Battle of Manzikert in 1071. Through the following centuries, the fortress occupied a strategic position on the frontier between the Turkish-controlled interior and the Byzantine Pontus. The Danishmends held the fortress until the 1170s, when it passed into the hands of the Saltukids of Erzurum. In 1201/1202 the Mengucekids, vassals of the Seljuks of Rum, took over. Following the Mongol invasion of the mid-13th century, the f...More: http: //booksllc.net/?id=4856338