Historical Vedic Grammar (Paperback)

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1897 Excerpt: ...The character of the preceding syllable often determines this point, and it has therefore been treated above, 81, 82, 86, 97, 98, and will only be referred to incidentally now. O. i. Stems in-i, -u. 177. Nom. sing. masc. fem. From stems in-i, -w, nominatives in-ih, -uh are regular: but vi 'bird' has nom. s. v'eh five times, in various parts of RV.: so once ap'eh x. 83. 6 (Lanman, p. 375). From-l stems nom.-I is regular, connecting this declension with that in suffixal-a. Feminine nouns somewhat confuse the stems: thus from jdni (or jany) we have jdril; from bhtimi, bhtimih regularly, but once bhhml (and so in some other cases): from drdti vartani, once each, forms in-Ih. All these variants are merely sporadic. 178. Acc. sing. masc. and fem. The regular forms are-im, -um respectively: and from-I stems-Im. A few variants similar to those of the nominative case are mentioned by Lanman (pp. 378, 407), and have no importance. 179. Nom. acc. sing. neut. The stem is used without caseending. The-w form occasionally appears as-w: ur&, pur& 12, mithu 2. The occurrences are most often in period A.1 180. Instrum. sing. masc. and neut. The forms are-id, -yd, -ind: (--a), -vd, -una respectively. For the value of the semivowels see above, 82, 97. For an isolated and doubtful form in-i, see Lanman, p. 379. As far as the-i stems are concerned, -ind is established in the whole Vedic period, except that the stems paty-sakhy-shew pdtyd, sdkhyd: as is also the case in classical Sanskrit. The development of the form in-ind from an earlier-id, -yd cannot be looked upon as a transition to the unimportant-in class: the use of the-n element is parallel to its use in the-a declension. Only a few isolated stems besides those named...