Dersim Rebellion - Smet Nonu, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, Sabiha Gokcen (Paperback)

Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 25. Chapters: smet nonu, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, Sabiha Gokcen. Excerpt: Mustafa Kemal Ataturk (pronounced, 19 May 1881 by a posteriori-10 November 1938) was an Ottoman and Turkish army officer, revolutionary statesman, writer, and the first President of Turkey. He is credited with being the founder of the Republic of Turkey. Ataturk was a military officer during World War I. Following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in World War I, he led the Turkish national movement in the Turkish War of Independence. Having established a provisional government in Ankara, he defeated the forces sent by the Allies. His military campaigns gained Turkey independence. Ataturk then embarked upon a program of political, economic, and cultural reforms, seeking to transform the former Ottoman Empire into a modern, westernized and secular nation-state. The principles of Ataturk's reforms, upon which modern Turkey was established, are referred to as Kemalism. Mustafa was born in either the Ahmed Suba neighbourhood or the Islahhane Street (present-day Apostolu Pavlu Street) in the Koca Kas m Pasha neighbourhood (this house is preserved as a museum) in Salonica (present-day Thessaloniki), Ottoman Empire, to his mother Zubeyde Han m (a housewife) and father Ali R za Efendi (a militia officer, title deed clerk and lumber trader). Only one of Ataturk's siblings, a sister named Makbule (Atadan) survived childhood; she died in 1956. According to Andrew Mango, he was born into a family which was Muslim, Turkish-speaking and precariously middle-class. Time magazine states that Mustafa Kemal's father was of Albanian and his mother was of Macedonian origin, and Patrick Kinross wrote that he was "as fair as any Slav from beyond the Bulgarian frontier" with "fine white skin" and "eyes of a deep but clear light blue." According to Encyclopaedia Judaica, one asse...