Russian Electrical Engineers - Aleksandr Stoletov, Alexander Lodygin, Dmitry Lachinov, Fyodor Pirotsky, Heinrich Lenz, Lev Davidovich Belkind, Mikhai (Paperback)

Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 24. Chapters: Aleksandr Stoletov, Alexander Lodygin, Dmitry Lachinov, Fyodor Pirotsky, Heinrich Lenz, Lev Davidovich Belkind, Mikhail Botvinnik, Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky, Moritz von Jacobi, Oleg Losev, Pavel Schilling, Pavel Yablochkov, Vladimir K. Zworykin, Vladimir Kotelnikov. Excerpt: Mikhail Moiseyevich Botvinnik, PhD (Russian: , pronounced ) (August 17 1911 - May 5, 1995) was a Soviet and Russian International Grandmaster and three-time World Chess Champion. Working as an electrical engineer and computer scientist at the same time, he was one of the very few famous chess players who achieved distinction in another career while playing top-class competitive chess. He was also a pioneer of computer chess. Botvinnik was the first world-class player to develop within the Soviet Union (Alekhine was a top player before the Russian Revolution), putting him under political pressure but also giving him considerable influence within Soviet chess. From time to time he was accused of using that influence to his own advantage, but the evidence is unclear and some suggest he resisted attempts by Soviet officials to intimidate some of his rivals. Botvinnik also played a major role in the organization of chess, making a significant contribution to the design of the World Chess Championship system after World War II and becoming a leading member of the coaching system that enabled the Soviet Union to dominate top-class chess during that time. His famous pupils include World Champions Anatoly Karpov, Garry Kasparov and Vladimir Kramnik. Mikhail Moiseyevich Botvinnik was born on August 17, 1911, in what was then Kuokkala in the Russian-controlled but autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland, but is now the district of Repino in Saint Petersburg. Although his parents were Jewish, his father was a dental technician and his mother a dentist, which...