Catalysts are increasingly used by chemists engaged in fine chemical synthesis within both industry and academia. Today, there exists a huge choice of high-tech catalysts, which add enormously to the repertoire of synthetic possibilities. However, catalysts are occasionally capricious, sometimes difficult to use and almost always require both skill and experience in order to achieve optimal results. This series aims to be a practical help for advanced undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate students, as well as experienced chemists in industry and academia working in organic and organometallic synthesis.

The series features:

• Tested and validated procedures.

• Authoritative reviews on classes of catalysts.

• Assessments of all types of catalysts.

• Expertise from the Leverhulme Centre for Innovative Catalysis, Liverpool, UK.

Arguably, catalysis by polyoxometalates has been one of the most successful areas in fundamental and applied catalysis in the last few decades. Industry is using these catalysts for a number of large-scale chemical processes. On the other hand, the enormous versatility of polyoxometalates offers significant opportunities for clean synthesis of fine and speciality chemicals. Much research is focussed on the use of these catalysts in laboratory scale synthesis.

The second volume in the series presents a survey of recent developments in catalysis by polyoxometalates for fine chemicals synthesis. One chapter concentrates on the practical preparation of specific acid and oxidation catalysts. Other chapters describe in detail the use in homogeneous and heterogeneous syntheses.

This outstanding monograph is an introduction to general ecology, life safety and environment protection. It reviews the current problems resulting from anthropogenic changes of the environment, discusses the ways and methods of reducing the negative sub-sequences, regards various aspects of biosphere preservation, the concept and the principles of forming environmental ideology and organising rational nature management.

This book will help readers understand thermodynamic properties caused by magnetic fields. Providing a concise review of time independent magnetic fields, it goes on to discuss the thermodynamic properties of magnetizing materials of different shapes, and finally, the equilibrium properties of superconductors of different shapes and also of different sizes. Chapters are accompanied by problems illustrating the applications of the principles to optimize and enhance understanding. This book will be of interest to advanced undergraduates, graduate students, and researchers specializing in thermodynamics, solid state physics, magnetism, and superconductivity. Features: The first book to provide comprehensive coverage of thermodynamics in magnetic fields, only previously available, in part, in journal articles Chapters include problems and worked solutions demonstrating real questions in contemporary superconductivity, such as properties of vortex matter

This book is devoted to the activities of the Soviet Army Air Force command and staff and representatives of the Supreme High Command General Headquarters at the fronts of the Great Patriotic War. The activities of the Soviet Army Air Force command and staff, of many generals and officers of the central administration, of Long-Range Aviation, of the air armies, of Frontal Aviation, and of many formations and units are described against the backdrop of the past war's greatest operations. All actions of the VVS command and staff are examined in close association with the activities of the General Staff.

This English language edition of The Command and Staff of the Soviet Army Air Force in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945 was originally translated and published under the auspices of the United States Air Force. This book is devoted to the activities of the Soviet Army Air Force command and staff and representatives of the Supreme High Command General Headquarters at the fronts of the Great Patriotic War. The activities of the Soviet Army Air Force command and staff, of many generals and officers of the central administration, of Long-Range Aviation, of the air armies, of Frontal Aviation, and of many formations and units are described against the backdrop of the past war's greatest operations. All actions of the VVS command and staff are examined in close association with the activities of the General Staff.

Rabota posveshchena issledovaniyu patogeneza shchitovidnoy zhelezy, kotoraya yavlyaetsya aktual'noy na segodnyashniy den', tak kak dannye zabolevaniya prinadlezhat k naibolee chasto vstrechayushchimsya porazheniyam endokrinnoy sistemy. Poluchennye rezul'taty otnositel'no dannoy temy pozvolyat sdelat' v dal'neyshem vyvody otnositel'no znachimosti dlya patogeneza protekayushchikh v shchitovidnoy zheleze reaktsiy s aktivnymi formami kisloroda.

V dannom sbornike statey izlozheny materialy, posvyashchennye issledovaniyu voprosov, svyazannykh s prichinami i sposobami ustraneniya nestatsionarnosti protsessa prokatki na nepreryvnykh listoprokatnykh stanakh, vyrazhayushchikhsya v kolebaniyakh osnovnykh tekhnologicheskikh parametrakh (momentakh, usiliyakh, natyazheniyakh polos, skorostey, tokov dvigateley glavnykh privodov i t.p.) i privodyashchikh k vozniknoveniyu negativnykh vibratsiy prokatnogo oborudovaniya i snizheniyu energoeffektivnosti protsessa prokatki iz-za vysokikh poter' elektroenergii. Predlozheny tekhnicheskie resheniya po povysheniyu energoeffektivnosti raboty elektricheskikh provodov nepreryvnykh prokatnykh stanov, vyrazhayushchikhsya umen'shenii amplitudy i vremeni perekhodnykh protsessov i snizhenii poter' elektroenergii. Materialy budut polezny spetsialistam v oblasti tekhnologii, prokatnogo oborudovaniya i provodnoy tekhniki, a takzhe studentam, magistrantam i aspirantam vysshikh tekhnicheskikh uchebnykh zavedeniy.

Annotatsiya. V knige rassmatrivaetsya absolyutno novaya tochka zreniya na prirodu, s pozitsii real'nosti material'nogo prostranstva, ontologicheskogo aspekta ego formirovaniya na osnove edinoy sushchnosti prirody. Model' postroena na osnove material'nogo obraza polya napravleniy. Ona ob"edinyaet i naglyadno predstavlyaet mekhanizm sil fundamental'nykh vzaimodeystviy prirody, opredelyaet prichinu matematichnosti prirody i eye absolyutnuyu logiku.

Privedeny svedeniya o geograficheskom i ekologo-fitotsenoticheskom arealakh 65 vidov mozhzhevel'nika, o proiskhozhdenii i sistematike roda Juniperus L. Ukazana vstrechaemost' predstaviteley dannogo roda v prirodnykh ekosistemakh pyati kontinentov. Na territorii Sverdlovskoy i Chelyabinskoy oblastey, v Bashkirskom i Yuzhno-Ural'skom zapovednikakh Rossii ustanovleny tipy lesa s uchastiem v podleske mozhzhevel'nika obyknovennogo. Opredelen ekologicheskiy optimum spontannogo razvitiya i ustoychivogo samopodderzhaniya ego tsenopopulyatsiy. Predstavleny rezul'taty izucheniya zakonomernostey geograficheskogo rasprostraneniya, fitotsenoticheskogo areala, differentsiatsii dannogo vida na vnutrividovye edinitsy na Yuzhnom, Srednem i Severnom Urale. Podcherkivaetsya tsennost' lokal'nykh poseleniy mozhzhevel'nika kak formoobrazovatel'nykh tsentrov pri vvedenii ego v kul'turu. Novye dannye po biologicheskim i ekologicheskim osobennostyam mozhzhevel'nika mogut byt' vostrebovany dlya razrabotki prirodookhrannykh meropriyatiy po sokhraneniyu bioraznoobraziya vnutrividovykh taksonov lyubogo vida.

V monografii predstavlena istoriya angliyskogo teatra 17 - 18 stoletiya v ee naibolee reprezentativnykh i yarkikh yavleniyakh - komedii i adaptatsii shekspirovskikh p'es. Izmeneniya, kotorye proizoshli v angliyskom teatre v kontse 17 veka ob"yasnyalis' pryamym vozdeystviem novogo zritelya-burzhua: izmenilas' obshchestvennaya situatsiya, poyavilis' novye problemy i zaboty, novye polozhitel'nye i otritsatel'nye geroi. Komediya nravov, proshedshaya slozhnuyu evolyutsiyu v eti gody, i peredelki shekspirovskikh p'es otrazhayut slozhnyy protsess formirovaniya novoy zhanrovoy sistemy, proiskhodyashchiy v angliyskom prosvetitel'skom teatre. Komediya kontsa 17 veka v posledney treti veka vosemnadtsatogo stanovitsya "veseloy," t.e. prosvetitel'skoy komediey nravov, a peredelannye p'esy Shekspira prevrashchayutsya v melodramy. Segodnyashnyaya massovaya kul'tura, v chastnosti, ee naibolee izvestnoe yavlenie - melodrama, rozhdaetsya imenno v tu epokhu.

V dannom uchebno-prakticheskom posobii avtor predlagaet vnimaniyu chitateley osnovnye polozheniya po obespecheniyu psikhologicheskoy bezopasnosti cheloveka. V izdanii otrazheny osobennosti vozniknoveniya i razvitiya otritsatel'nykh perezhivaniy na primere emotsii strakha, a takzhe predlozheny mery profilaktiki - samovospitanie (lichnostnyy rost) i primenenie spetsial'nykh psikhotekhnicheskikh priemov (izmenenie sistemy tsennostey). Znachitel'noe vnimanie udeleno vidam strakha, prichinam ego poyavleniya, fiziologicheskim reaktsiyam organizma na dannuyu emotsiyu. Nastoyashchee posobie prednaznacheno dlya slushateley, studentov, prepodavateley obrazovatel'nykh uchrezhdeniy, nauchnykh i prakticheskikh rabotnikov, kotorye osushchestvlyayut psikhologicheskuyu pomoshch' i konsul'tirovanie. Manera izlozheniya delaet knigu dostupnoy shirokomu krugu chitateley, interesuyushchikhsya psikhologiey.

Opisana struktura metodiki prognozirovaniya sostoyaniya oborudovaniya MNLZ na osnove statisticheskikh dannykh otkazov ego uzlov, razrabotannaya na osnove kompleksnogo ispol'zovaniya tekhnologiy neyronnykh setey, nechetkoy logiki, teorii nadezhnosti i riska. Metodika pozvolyaet uchityvat' neopredelennost' vkhodnykh parametrov i operativno opredelyat' ostatochnyy resurs tekhnicheskoy sistemy. Na primere nechetkogo modelirovaniya prognoza sostoyaniya rolikovykh sektsiy MNLZ razrabotana nechetkaya model' i opisan eksperiment, pokazyvayushchiy effektivnost' i vozmozhnost' primeneniya dannoy metodiki na real'nykh proizvodstvennykh ob"ektakh dlya planirovaniya remontnykh rabot.

Problema povysheniya produktivnosti ptitsy ves'ma mnogogranna i razrabatyvaetsya v razlichnykh aspektakh - fiziologicheskom, geneticheskom, morfologicheskom, zootekhnicheskom i t.d. Blagodarya effektivnomu ispol'zovaniyu kormov, optimal'nomu, biologicheski obosnovannomu pitaniyu ptitsy, stanovitsya vozmozhnym dal'neyshee uvelichenie proizvodstva myasa ptitsy. Yod - biologicheski aktivnyy mikroelement neobkhodimyy dlya zhivotnykh, ptitsy i cheloveka. Odnako yod - vysokoaktivnyy khimicheskiy element i imeet svoystvo vysokoy letuchesti, v svyazi s chem v traditsionno primenyaemykh preparatakh (yodistyy kaliy) aktivnost' ego snizhaetsya. S tsel'yu obogashcheniya kormov yodom nami predlozheno vvodit' ego v sochetanii s bentonitom, blagodarya ee kataliticheskoy aktivnosti, sorbtsionnymi svoystvami i ionoobmennoy sposobnost'yu. V knige proveden analiz stepeni vliyaniya ispol'zovaniya yodistogo kaliya i bentonita v ptitsevodstve na produktivnost', perevarimost' pitatel'nykh veshchestv ratsiona, morfologicheskie i biokhimicheskie pokazateli krovi tsyplyat-broylerov. Kniga prednaznachena dlya sotrudnikov nauchnykh uchrezhdeniy, vysshikh i srednikh uchenykh zavedeniy, aspirantov i studentov sel'skokhozyaystvennykh i veterinarnykh VUZov, spetsialistov praktikov.

V uchebnom posobii dana kharakteristika kriminal'noy subkul'tury i naibolee kachestvennoy eye sostavlyayushchey - tyuremnoy subkul'tury. Osobennost'yu raboty yavlyaetsya to, chto tyuremnaya subkul'tura issledovana kak kriminologicheskiy i kul'turnyy fenomen (kul'turnyy fenomen daet tsennostnyy smysl cheloveku). V posobii rassmotreny sushchnost' i mekhanizmy vozniknoveniya tyuremnoy subkul'tury, a takzhe istoricheskie etapy eye formirovaniya. Osoboe vnimanie udeleno lideram prestupnoy sredy, znacheniyu tyuremnoy subkul'tury dlya podderzhaniya ikh vlasti nad osnovnoy massoy osuzhdennykh. V rabote predlozheny mery obshchey i individual'noy profilaktiki tyuremnoy subkul'tury, proanalizirovan zarubezhnyy opyt. Dannoe uchebnoe posobie prednaznacheno dlya prakticheskikh i nauchnykh rabotnikov pravookhranitel'nykh organov, osushchestvlyayushchikh deyatel'nost' po profilaktike prestupnosti.

This book highlights important discussions occurring within the styles field that have direct relevance for the development of effective twenty-first century learning environments. Styles research in this context is used as an umbrella term to encompass cognitive styles, learning styles, and approaches to learning, as well as student and teacher beliefs and conceptions of learning and teaching. Styles have the capacity to influence instruction in the ways that an educator chooses to design and deliver the curriculum. However, the potential of styles to inform teaching and learning, and vice-versa remains under-explored. Furthermore, the frequent misuse and misinterpretation of styles has led to over simplistic assumptions and practices including the labelling of learners as one style or another and the focus on matching mode of instruction to style of learner. A fundamental challenge, therefore, remains the dissemination of clear guidance on the effective ways of using styles research in practice; this is the core aim of the Education, Learning, Styles, Individual differences Network, whose members have contributed chapters to this book. The volume provides a major contribution to the knowledge base on enhancing the application of styles research to practice within both educational and workplace settings and is of considerable value to those involved in the design and delivery of effective learning environments within higher education. Relationships between styles variables and other individual learning differences are considered across a range of subject domains (medicine, science, teacher education) and cultural contexts. The key themes discussed include the potential of constructivist environments to effect change in learning behaviours; the notion of deep approaches to learning; relationships between approaches to learning and self-regulated learning; the varied learning and teaching responses of students/teachers to specific constructivist interventions including the identification of specific patterns of responses that are characteristic of highlighted groups; relationships between conceptions and approaches to learning and teaching This book was originally published as a special issue of Research Papers in Education.