Proceedings of the Engineers' Club of Philadelphia Volume 5-6 (Paperback)

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1886 Excerpt: ...The least amount, 1.6 per cent., was found when the water was low in the guages, and the maximum amount of steam space was available for storage; steam pressure falling. Steam for the samples was taken from the side of the main steam-pipe, leading to the engine through an 1J inch valve, and connections reduced to f inch about 2 ft. from the steam-pipe, and leading thence to the barrel. The pipe was covered with felt, to reduce the loss of temperature from radiation to a minimum. The second series of tests were made on what are commonly called the double-deck form of boilers. The lower cylinder was 6 ft. diameter, 12 ft. long, containing ninety-two four-inch tubes. The upper cylinder 4 ft. diameter, 13 ft. long, connected to the lower cylinder by three necks 14J in. diameter, 9 in. long. Boilers and drums set in brick-work and externally fired. The heat and flame passing under the lower cylinder and through the tubes to the front of the boiler, returning under the upper cylinder to the stacks. The water is usually carried high enough to about half fill the upper cylinder. This arrangement generally produces very moist steam, especially if the boilers are forced to any extent. The water-line in the boilers under observation was arranged so that the maximum height in the upper cylinder was 14 in., and the minimum 3 in., as measured from the bottom of the cylinder, making the upper cylinder practically a super-heater. Samples of steam for the tests were taken out of the 14 inch main steam-pipe leading to the engine, about 60 ft. from the boilers. The attachment for samples of steam was made with a in. pipe, about 12 in. long, and cut in half longitudinally, and tapped into the side of the steam-pipe, and carried inside, so as to nearly reach across the pipe. An...