Grammar of the P T or Language of the Afgh NS; Compared with the R Nian and North-Indian Idioms (Paperback)

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1873 edition. Excerpt: ...Persian (s), Zend fra, Sansk. Jf, on, onward. Separable prefix. jli. jar, back, only used in the two verbs: jili. jar-vat-al, to return and jJuLi. jar-yast-al, to turn or bring back. It has already so thoroughly coalesced with the verbal root, that in the Imperative the prefix j may be used with these verbs. Its etymology is obscure. Inseparable prefix.' fj" (jjJ) kse or only ke, in. It is joined to verbs denoting to sit, to put, as: jJL4 kse-bas-al, to insert, to implant, Ji kse-2d-al, to put down, JsaU: yJ' kse-nast-al, to sit down. Separable prefix. n, in, as: Jju n-yvat-al, to attend to; JwU n-jat-al, to thrust in, etc. It corresponds to the Sansk. Persian ni (na, nu); in Pasto final i of ni has been dropped. Inseparable prefix. ai nana, within (adv.), only used with the two verbs JwSji nana-vat-al, to enter and Jwui nana-yast-al, to insert, to introduce. It is perhaps a mutilation of the Sansk. Tjptt (Pers. Separable prefix. ) All these verbs literally aignifiy: to put away. j vS, as: JJlijj vo-rayl-al, to come (instead of J-Acly) ); J, j vo-sk-al, to draw out (= JXi, ). This prefix, which is used only in a few verbs, corresponds to the Persian j, I (as Li') v_j (o) or Parsl o (ava), Zend aivi (aibi), Sansk. ff (on, towards). Inseparable prefix. Like the preceding prefixes the pronouns j (to me, to us), (to thee, to you) and.j (to him, her, them) are also joined to verbs, forming thereby a sort of compound verb, as: JjJTj ra-kav-al to make to me = to give (to me), dar-kav-al, to--o give to thee, jji var-kav-al, to give to him, her, them. Some verbs, compounded with and have already received a fixed signification, without special reference being had to the pronoun, as: JJLil ra-tl-al, to come...