Industrial Psychology (Paperback)

INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY Edited by CHARLES S. MYERS M. D., Sc. D., F. R. S. HONORARY SCIENTIFIC ADVISER TO THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY CONTENTS CHAP. PAOB i INTRODUCTION. Charles S. Myers, M. D., Sc. D. 9 F. R. S 7 II THE HUMAN FACTOR IN INDUSTRIAL RELA TIONS. J. Drever, M. A., B. Sc., D. Phil. 16 III WORK AND ENVIRONMENT. A. M. HudSOH Davies, M. A 39 iv WORK AND REST. Rex Knight, M. A. . 62 V EASE AND SPEED OF WORK. G. II. Miles, D. Sc., and A. B. B. Eyre . . 86 VI UNPRODUCTIVE WORKING TIME. A. Angles, B. Com 108 VII INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS. A. StepheUSOH, B. Sc 122 VIII THE MEASUREMENT OF INTELLIGENCE AND APTITUDES. F. M. Earle, M. Ed., B. Sc. 141 ix CHOOSING A CAREER. Angus Macrae, M. A., M. B., Ch. B 166 X SQUARE PEGS AND SQUARE HOLES. Wini fred Raphael, B. Sc. . . .185 XI INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY AND WELFARE WORK. Sheila Bevington, B. Sc. . . 205 XII THE ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY. F. W. Lawe, M. A., F. S. S 219 XIII INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY AND AGRICUL TURE. W. R. Dunlop . . .231 BIBLIOGRAPHY ..... 245 INDEX 249 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I HAVE to thank the Controller of His Majestys Stationery Office for permission to reproduce Figures 1, 2, 3, 6, 7 and 8, which are taken from the Reports of the Industrial Fatigue Research Board. Figure 5 is taken from the Journal of the National Institute of Industrial Psychology. Thanks are also due to Miss Margaret Horsey for her assistance in getting the book through the press, and to Mr. C. B. Frisby, B. Com., Director of the Institute, for his assistance in this re vision. C. S. M. LONDON, July 1943 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION By Charles S. Myers WITH the exception of one chapter, which was most kindly supplied at relatively shortnotice by Dr. Drever, this book has been written by members or ex-members of the staff of the National Institute of Industrial Psychology. As its Director I was asked in 1928 to contribute an introduction to their work. But I could wish that my relations with the authors were not so close, as I could then commend the book without fear of being swayed by prejudice or partiality. I can say honestly, however, that I know of no other similar volume in which the principles and methods of Industrial Psychology are sketched in such clear and readable language. It easily surpasses an early attempt Mind and Work, 1921 which I made when the subject was still, so to speak, in its swaddling-clothes, to present a popular exposition of it. And it is far less tech nical and more attractive than my second effort Industrial Psychology in Great Britain, 1925, 8 INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY which, however, may prove useful to readers of this volume who desire further details in regard to certain chapters. But this greater interest of the present volume is only natural. For it has been written not by one who has had to occupy himself largely with administrative work, but by a band of able young investigators who have spent several years in uninterrupted, immediate contact with employees and management in factories, mills, mines and offices. It is the fruit of their first hand experience, supplemented by the more specialized research work of the Institute and particularly of the Industrial Fatigue now Industrial Health Research Board. Although this book itself provides detailed answers to the two questions what is Industrial Psychology and why has it met with such success in this country I should like to attempthere a more general and briefer reply to them. Industrial Psychology is the most recent application of the youngest of the Natural Sciences. Psychology, the science of the mind, has emancipated itself completely from the lead ing-strings of Philosophy by which it was first nurtured...