18th-Century Philosophers - Immanuel Kant, Montesquieu, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, David Hume, Adam Smith, Gottfried Leibniz, Denis Diderot, George Be (Paperback)

Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 127. Chapters: Immanuel Kant, Montesquieu, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, David Hume, Adam Smith, Gottfried Leibniz, Denis Diderot, George Berkeley, Thomas Reid, Adam Weishaupt, Joseph Priestley, Edmund Burke, Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Firmin Abauzit, Francesco Algarotti, Giambattista Vico, Joseph Butler, Emanuel Swedenborg, Marquis de Sade, Francis Hutcheson, Ru er Bo kovi, William Ogilvie of Pittensear, Baron d'Holbach, Richard Price, Samuel Clarke, Claude Adrien Helvetius, Matthias Bel, David Hartley, Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten, Dugald Stewart, Anthony Collins, Anton Wilhelm Amo, George Turnbull, Pietro Verri, Johann Georg Hamann, William Cleghorn, Jacques-Andre Naigeon, Philipp Albert Stapfer, Johann Georg Heinrich Feder, Johann Philipp Siebenkees, Dai Zhen, Johann Heinrich Abicht, Jens Kraft, Bartholomew Des Bosses, Giovanni Battista Scaramelli, Chen Hongmou, Nicolas Antoine Boulanger, Alberto Radicati. Excerpt: Immanuel Kant (German pronunciation: ) (22 April 1724 - 12 February 1804) was a professor of philosophy at Konigsberg, in Prussia (modern Russia), researching, lecturing and writing on philosophy and anthropology during and at the end of the 18th Century Enlightenment. At the time, there were major successes and advances in physical science (for example, Isaac Newton, Robert Boyle, Edmund Burke) using reason and logic. But this stood in sharp contrast to the scepticism and lack of agreement or progress in empiricist philosophy. Kant's magnum opus, the Critique of Pure Reason, aimed to unite reason with experience to move beyond what he took to be failures of traditional philosophy and metaphysics. He hoped to end an age of speculation where objects outside experience were used to support what he saw as futile theories, while opposing the scepticism and idealism of thinkers such as Descartes, Berkeley and Hume. He...