Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 21. Chapters: 45 BC births, 45 BC deaths, Wang Mang, Iullus Antonius, Titus Labienus, Battle of Munda, Nigidius Figulus, Publius Attius Varus, Tullia Ciceronis, List of state leaders in 45 BC, Gnaeus Pompeius, Antipater of Tyre, Quintus Fabius Maximus, Publius Cornelius Sulla. Excerpt: Wang Mang (Chinese: pinyin: Wang M ng) (c. 45 BC - 6 October 23 AD), courtesy name Jujun ( ), was a Han Dynasty official who seized the throne from the Liu family and founded the Xin (or Hsin, meaning "new") Dynasty ( ), ruling AD 9-23. The Han dynasty was restored after his overthrow and his rule marks the separation between the Western Han Dynasty (before Xin) and Eastern Han Dynasty (after Xin). Some historians have traditionally viewed Wang as a usurper, while others have portrayed him as a visionary and selfless social reformer. Though a learned Confucian scholar who sought to implement the harmonious society he saw in the classics, his efforts ended in chaos. Wang was born into a distinguished family, but his father died when he was young and he held only minor posts until being made a marquess in 16 BC. His father's half sister was the powerful Grand Empress Dowager Wang who had been the consort of Emperor Yuan and mother of Emperor Cheng. In 8 BC Wang was appointed regent for Emperor Cheng, but Emperor Cheng died in 7 or 6 BC and was succeeded by Emperor Ai, who was not related to the Empress Dowager. Wang Mang thereupon resigned. However, in 1 BC, Emperor Ai died and Empress Dowager Wang immediately had Wang Mang appointed regent for the new Emperor Ping. Wang consolidated his power by having his own daughter made the Emperor Ping's empress. When Emperor Ping died as a child in AD 6, Wang Mang chose (to his own advantage) an infant successor, the Emperor Ruzi, who had only been born in AD 5. At this time, Wang claimed for himself the t...