Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 24. Chapters: Empirical orthogonal functions, Spatial analysis, CrimeStat, GIS and Public Health, Boundary problem, Statistical geography, Rossmo's formula, Overdispersion, Correlation function, Barnes interpolation, Ranklet, Spatial descriptive statistics, Geospatial predictive modeling, Two-step floating catchment area method, Covariance function, Complete spatial randomness, Indicators of spatial association, Modifiable areal unit problem, Moran's I, Image denoising, Statistical shape analysis, Cuzick-Edwards test, Geary's C, Matern covariance function, Wombling, Spatial econometrics, Transiogram, Spatial distribution, Rational quadratic covariance function, Spatial variability. Excerpt: Spatial analysis or spatial statistics includes any of the formal techniques which study entities using their topological, geometric, or geographic properties. The phrase properly refers to a variety of techniques, many still in their early development, using different analytic approaches and applied in fields as diverse as astronomy, with its studies of the placement of galaxies in the cosmos, to chip fabrication engineering, with its use of 'place and route' algorithms to build complex wiring structures. The phrase is often used in a more restricted sense to describe techniques applied to structures at the human scale, most notably in the analysis of geographic data. The phrase is even sometimes used to refer to a specific technique in a single area of research, for example, to describe geostatistics. Complex issues arise in spatial analysis, many of which are neither clearly defined nor completely resolved, but form the basis for current research. The most fundamental of these is the problem of defining the spatial location of the entities being studied. For example, a study on human health could describe the spatial position of humans with...