Gregorian Music; An Outline of Musical Palaeography Illustrated by Fac-Similes of Ancient Manuscripts (Paperback)

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1897 edition. Excerpt: ...--cum fragore. k--clange or Klenke. But Romanus' ingenuity goes still further, and we have another class of letters. 3rd. CLASS. LETTERS MODIFYING THE PRECEDING. (3 LETTERS). b--bene, v--valde. m--mediocriter. b and v are very frequently used to modify t, i, and other letters, m is found by itself, as in the 2nd. class, or with another letter, as tm--teneatur mediocriter. Of all the letters c and t are the most frequently used, being found at almost every word in the MSS. The remaining seven Letters are seldom or never used, though Notker takes the trouble to explain each of them. As a rule the Romanian Letters, when added to a neumatic group, affect, only one note; for instance, in the following clivis 7i the first note is long, while in this podatus J it is the second. When a letter is to be applied to more than one note, it is drawn out over the group or groups, thus AAA-i ROMANIAN SIGNS. There are two classes of these Signs: The first is formed by various changes in the form of the neum i For both Signs and Letters, see Plate 1. accents, the lines being made longer or thicker, or being turned in different directions. The Punftum (.) becomes._ The first stroke of the Podatus (J) is lengthened and makes 7 or 7 The Torculus (i/) becomes.71 or J" The Porrettus (/V) becomes The Climacus (/-.) changes its points into strokes and becomes /--/.-. /--. according to the number of notes affected. The mark of the second class of Romanian Signs is the addition of a little stroke to the ordinary neum, or even to groups already changed as in the first class. Since this stroke may occupy various places in the groups, it is often obliged to change its form, so that we find it sometimes horizontal, sometimes curved, sometimes vertical; but, ...