Chlorine Compounds - Chlorine Dioxide, Chlorine Trifluoride, Perchloryl Fluoride, Chlorosulfuric Acid, Dichlorine Heptoxide, Dichlorine Hexoxide (Paperback)

Chapters: Chlorine Dioxide, Chlorine Trifluoride, Perchloryl Fluoride, Chlorosulfuric Acid, Dichlorine Heptoxide, Dichlorine Hexoxide, Chlorine Pentafluoride, Chlorine Monofluoride, Dichlorine Monoxide, Chlorine Perchlorate, Dichloroisocyanuric Acid, Dichlorine Trioxide, Chlorine Fluorides, Chlorine Nitrate. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 55. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: -59.5 C Chlorine dioxide is a chemical compound with the formula ClO2. This yellowish-green gas crystallizes as orange crystals at 59 C. As one of several oxides of chlorine, it is a potent and useful oxidizing agent used in water treatment and in bleaching. Pauling's proposalThe molecule ClO2 has an odd number of valence electrons and it is therefore a paramagnetic radical. Its electronic structure has baffled chemists for a long time because none of the possible Lewis structures is very satisfactory. In 1933 L.O. Brockway proposed a structure that involved a three-electron bond. Pauling further developed this idea and arrived at two resonance structures involving a double bond on one side and a single bond plus three-electron bond on the other. In Pauling's view the latter combination should represent a bond that is slightly weaker than the double bond. In molecular orbital theory this idea is commonplace if the third electron is placed in an anti-bonding orbital. Later work has confirmed that the HOMO is indeed an incompletely-filled orbital. Chlorine dioxide is a highly endothermic compound that can decompose extremely violently when separated from diluting substances. As a result preparation methods that involve producing solutions of it without going through a gas phase stage are often preferred. In the laboratory, ClO2 is prepared by oxidation of sodium chlorite: 2 NaClO2 + Cl2 2 ClO2 + 2 NaClOver 95...More: http: //booksllc.net/?id=458673