Cities, Towns and Villages in Kocaeli Province - Izmit, Balaban, Izmit, Karamrsel, Gebze, Kand?ra, Glck, Kocaeli, Krfez, Kocaeli, Derince (Paperback)

Purchase includes free access to book updates online and a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: ?zmit - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The geological location of ?zmit is between 40-41 N and 29-31 E, surrounded by the Gulf of ?zmit at south, Istanbul and the Sea of Marmara at west, the Black Sea at north, and Sakarya at east. The city is mostly built on hill slopes because of the cramped area, while flat plains are located around the gulf, near the sea. This topographic structure divided the city in two different parts. The first part was created on flat plains, where the city center is also located. The railway and highway networks also pass from this area which is close to the Sea of Marmara. The second part was built on hills, with many historic houses from the Ottoman period in the old quarters. The local climate, more temperate near the Gulf of ?zmit (?zmit Krfezi in Turkish, known as the Gulf of Astacus in the Roman period) and the Black Sea, more severe in the mountains, constitutes a transition between Mediterranean and Black Sea types; the typical urban summer here is hot and dry, the winter wet, however, Izmit and Marmara lack the refreshing summer breezes of the northern reaches, and can become humid. The highest recorded temperature in the city (11 Aug 1970) was 41.6 C (106.9 F), the lowest (4 Feb 1960) 8.7 C (16 F), while the yearly average stands at 14.8 C (58.6 F). The Black Sea coast sees an annual rainfall of 1000 mm, which gradually lessens south-eastwards: Izmit, for example, generally gets less than 800 mm. The south-facing slopes of the Samanl mountains, near Krfez, experience conditions similar to Black Sea coastal regions. Winter winds blow from the south to south-east, while in summer mainly south-easterly. Palace of Diocletian in Nicomedia (?zmit).In Antiquity, the city was called Astacus or Olbia ... More: http://booksllc.net/?id=340165