The Painters' Encyclopaedia; Containing Definitions of All Important Words in the Art of Plain and Artistic Painting (Paperback)

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1887. Excerpt: ... B B.--The second letter of the English alphabet, consisting of a vertical bar joined to two semi-circles. The lower circle of the letter is made a trifle larger than the top circle, although this is not so noticeable when the letter is in proper position, as it is when it is turned over or " upside down." This is done to give a perfect balance to the letter, for if the upper and lower semi-circles were alike, the letter would appear as if it could easily be pushed over. As it is, it stands firmly and presents a bold appearance. Back-ground.--That part of a picture which represents the extreme distance, or the space behind a group of figures. Backing.--In painting or gilding on glass, that which is to appear on the front of the glass is, when dry coated upon the back, called backing or "backing up." It was the practice some years ago to back up gold letters with asphaltum, owing to its quick drying and glossy properties, but experience has proved that this is a very bad proceeding, the asphaltum being extremely fugitive. A mixture of lamp-black and varnish with some oil added is far superior as a backing--in fact any oil paint will answer a good purpose. Badger.--An animal very similar to a bear, inhabiting most parts of Europe, Asia and North America; one species found in this country is called the ground hog. The hairs or bristles of this animal are made into brushes for painters. A large proportion of the so-called badger-hair brushes are made with a mixture of white skunk and hog hair. Even in the badger-hair there is a difference in quality; the winter killed animals produce the best hair, and that which grows down the back is decidedly the best and liveliest, and makes a brush that will give perfect satisfaction and outwear those made of inferior sto...