Sound Ranging (Paperback)

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles In land warfare, sound ranging is a method of determining the coordinates of a hostile artillery battery using data derived from the sound of its guns (or mortar or rockets) firing. The same methods can also be used to direct artillery fire at a position with known coordinates. Sound ranging is sometimes confused with sound locating, which refers to techniques used to locate the source of other sounds that may originate in the air, on the ground or on or below the sea's surface. This entry is primarily concerned with sound ranging. Sound ranging was one of three methods of locating hostile artillery that rapidly developed in World War I. The others were air reconnaissance (visual and photographic) and flash spotting. The basis of scientific sound ranging is to use pairs of microphones to produce a bearing to the source of the sound. The intersection of these bearings gives the location of the battery. The bearings are derived from the differences in the time of arrival at the microphones.