Elements & Notation of Music (Paperback)

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1902 edition. Excerpt: ... the appoggiatura, the turn, the inverted turn, and the shake or trill. 282. Acciacatura (at-chak-ka-to'ra) Italian, acciacare, "crushing." An obsolete grace-note, in pianoforte or organ music, a semitone below an essential note, struck at the same moment with the essential note and immediately released while the latter is held. It was indicated thus (a note with a stroke drawn across the stem and hook). The term acciacatura is now applied to the short appoggiatura. 283. Appoggiatura (ap-poj-a-to'ra) Italian, appogiare, to lean upon. One of the most important and most commonly used melodic ornaments. It is a small additional note preceding a note of the melody, written either above or below the principal note and taking from it a portion of its time. 284. It is of two kinds, long and short: (a) the long appoggiatura, which has a definite value (ordinarily its own indicated value) deducted from the value of the principal note which follows it, and (b) the short appoggiatura, which is sung or played as quickly as possible. 285. The short appoggiatura is commonly called acciacatura (sec. 280), and the long appoggiatura, appoggiatura simply. 286. The turn is another common ornament or grace consisting of four notes, --the note above the written note, the written note itself, the note below, and the written note again. The additional notes are called auxiliary notes. When the sign is directly over a note, the four notes of the turn are played or sung rapidly or in accordance with the general speed of the melody. When it is a little to the right of the note, the written note is played first and the notes of the turn follow. Chromatic alterations are indicated by accidentals above or below the sign. b J. i 287. A turn occurring in two...