Ligaments; Their Nature and Morphology (Paperback)

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1897 Excerpt: ...precoracoid is represented by an osseous nodule resting on the sternum anterior to the coracoid, and as it articulates with the latter it contains also the epi-coracoid element. The clavicles, C," are supported at their inner extremities by a large T-shaped bone, of membranous origin, the inter-clavicle. It is certainly remarkable that in order to find a similar skeletal element we must descend to lizards. A general survey of the pectoral girdle teaches us that fundamentally it consists of a dorsally placed scapula and two ventral segments, coracoid and precoracoid. The scapula and coracoid together form a glenoid fossa. The scapula is in relation with coracoid and precoracoid, whilst the two latter are united ventrally by a bar of cartilage, the epi-coracoid. In the majority of types the precoracoid becomes divided in its centre by the clavicle, and its extremities are invaded by the growing bone. Its median extremity is in man represented by the interarticular fibrocartilage between the clavicle and sternum, occasionally a little cartilage or osseous nodule is present in them (the epi-sternal bones of Breschet, ). The scapular remnant of "the precoracoid finds a representative in the interarticular fibro-cartilage between the acromion and clavicle (Parker's confusing mesoscapular segment). The coracoid in man is a stunted process, which early fuses with the scapula, but its prolonged condition in frogs, birds and monotremes, is represented by the costo-coracoid ligament running in the free border of the membrane of that name, and presenting chondral particles at its sternal attachment. The interclavicular ligament is the fibrous representative of the bone of that name in lizards and in monotremes. The Coraco-acromial Ligament.--This structure is ...