A Comparative Grammar of the Indo-Germanic Languages Volume 1; A Concise Exposition of the History of Sanskrit, Old Iranian Old Armenian, Greek, Latin, Umbro-Samnitic, Old Irish, Gothic, Old High German, Lithuanian and Old Church Slavonic (Paperback)

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1888 Excerpt: ...Indg. d'd(h) ( 469, 4) probably then became zd(h), e. g. dazdhl = Indg. ded'dhi give' imper., and thus fell entirely together with Indg. zd(h) ( 590. 591). See 476. The order med. asp. + t, s--which is etymologically to be postulated--was represented by med. (or voiced spirant)-4dh, zh ( 469, 6. 552): bdh, d'dh, gdh, zdh and bzh, dzh, gzh, zzh. For the further history of these combinations in Aryan see 482. The Sanskrit separate development left the Indg. forms of articulation separate. In Iranian the mediae asp. became mediae and zh became z. These sounds thus fell entirely together with the Indg. mediae. Rem. 2. Indg.-si and Indg.-i't remained separate in At. also when final. The former appears as-s (after a-vowels), the latter as-st, e. g. 3. sg. imperf. as 'erat': 8kr. Ved. ds prim. Ar. ust Indg. est (gt. Dor. iji), 3-aS-imperf. hisast fr. rt. sed 'sit' fr. Indg. si-setst, that is, si-sed+t. Cp. Bartholomae Handb. 139-141, Ar. Forsch. II 78 f. 3. Prim. Ar. k. Av. yuxta-'yoked': Skr. yuktd-. Ay. suxra-'red' O.Pers. pnxra-a proper name: Skr. iuk-rd-'bright, white'. For further examples see 447. 4. Prim. Ar. c was regular before no consonant except i. Av. sty O.Pers. Sy. Av. yao-pna-'deed, work' O.Pers. a-iiyavam-iiy-=-sy-) 'I went, walked': Skr. cydv-a-te 'stirs, moves'. Cp. 448. 474. Prim. Ar. prim. Iran, non-final t with preceding spirantal r became in Avestic, as masya (maiiya-) = O.Pers. martiya Skr. Ved. mdrtiya-'mortal being'. See 260. 288. 353. 475. The prim. Ar. tenues aspiratae. ph, th, hh ch were not rare sounds in the period of the Ar. prim, community. It is by no means definitely settled that these sounds are to be traced back in ever...