Elements of the Comparative Grammar of the Indo-Germanic Languages Volume 4; A Concise Exposition of the History of Sanskrit, Old Iranian Old Armenian, Old Greek, Latin, Umbrian-Samnitic, Old Irish, Gothic, Old High German, Lithuanian and Old Bulgarian (Paperback)

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1895 Excerpt: ...'I let off, forgive' perhaps connected with leg aim 'I fail, perish, go to pieces' (Thurneysen, Rev. Celt, vi 316). luadim im-luadim 'I set in motion' beside do-lod 'I went, no-m-mdidim 'I boast, exult' beside miad 'pride, honour," guiritn gorim 'I heat, warm' from qher-. 804. Germanic. On the confusion of this type with other present classes see 781.2 p. 306. The present inflexion in Gothic may be regarded as regularly growing out of the original one (I 142 p. 125 f.); but in O.H.G. such forms as 2nd sing, dents ("' sing. denn(i)u = Goth, panja) bei%is (1st sing. beiz(t)u =-Goth. bditja) are a re-formation following hevis and suchlike (1 sing. heff(i)u = Goth, hafja), Class XXVI. The partie. pass, in pr. Germanic ended in-idd-, as Goth, fra-vurdips stem-vardida-, nasips stem nasida-O.H.G. gi-nerit, see 789 p. 319. The class was productive, from proethnic Germanic onwards, iu the Causal or Factitive use, where the primary verb has some simple meaning. Only a few examples, as O.H.G. decchtiju 'I hide', still keep the ldg. Intensive or Frequentative meaning ( 791 p. 324); but this meaning very early became so weak, that soon no difference was felt between the original verb and the secondary verb in-Hp-, for which reason the former was generally dropt altogether out of use. Goth, varja O.H.G. weriu 'I hinder, guard' Skr. tXlrdya-ti, see 795 p. 330. O.H.G. zeriu O.Sax. teriu 'I destroy, tear to pieces' Skr. daraya-ti 'makes burst, splits'. Goth, valja O.H.G. well(i)u 'I choose' Skr. pra-vdraya-ti, see 794 p. 327. (freq.) beside spir-iit, gy-dau 'I heal' (causal) beside gy-ju 'I get well' (cp. Leskien, Der Ablaut der Wurzels. im Lit., 182 ff.). Lastly, we may mention once again O.C.S1. zivljq zivi-ti '...