Convention Volume 27, PT. 1 (Paperback)

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1904 Excerpt: ...Willans line or curve of total water consumption is approximately a straight line at all points up to the opening of the secondary governor valve on heavy overloads. This relation has an immediate thermodynamic meaning and points to the utilization of steam in the turbine with the same internal efficiency at all loads; or, in other words, that the losses in the turbine from all causes, thermal, thermodynamic and mechanical, are approximately constant at all loads. Second--The necessity of high vacua and high superheat is not essential to high economy, as has been before alluded to. This is shown in tests of a 400-kw turbine under 26-inch vacuum, 125 pounds pressure and saturated steam. A water rate of 15.41 pounds per brake horse-power was obtained, which, although not remarkable, would seem to bear, out the supposition of small fluid frictional losses within the turbine. Another result of 14.4 pounds steam per b.hp-hour obtained with a 1250-kw turbine operating with 150 pounds boiler pressure and 25-inch vacuum is of interest. Third--The gradual improvement in economy with an improvement in operating conditions is well brought out by the tests on the 1250-kw turbine. (See Figures 11 and 12.) By increasing the vacuum from 27 inches to 28 inches and the temperature of the steam from that corresponding to dry saturation to JJ degrees Fahrenheit superheat, the full-load steam consumption was reduced from 14.6 pounds to 13.2 pounds per e.hp-hour. FOUNDATIONS AND rOWER-I'LANT DESIGNS With steam turbines, practically no foundations are necessary, merely something that will uphold the dead weight of the machine. Foundation bolts are never used except on shipboard. ()peration of turbines on light flooring is entirely satisfactory, thus permitting their being placed...