1813 in Politics - 1813 in International Relations, States and Territories Disestablished in 1813, States and Territories Established in 1813 (Paperback)

Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 24. Chapters: 1813 in international relations, States and territories disestablished in 1813, States and territories established in 1813, Mexico, Confederation of the Rhine, Sultanate of Banten, Austrian Littoral, List of sovereign states in 1813, Kingdom of Westphalia, List of state leaders in 1813, Grand Duchy of Berg, Grand Duchy of Frankfurt, Second Republic of Venezuela, Kingdom of Spain, Salm-Horstmar, List of colonial governors in 1813, Second inauguration of James Madison. Excerpt: The United Mexican States (Spanish: (.)), commonly known as Mexico (pronounced; Spanish: ), is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Covering almost 2 million square kilometres (over 760,000 sq mi), Mexico is the fifth-largest country in the Americas by total area and the 14th largest independent nation in the world. With an estimated population of 111 million, it is the 11th most populous country and the most populous Hispanophone country. Mexico is a federation comprising thirty-one states and a Federal District, the capital city. In Pre-Columbian Mesoamerica many cultures matured into advanced civilizations such as the Olmec, the Toltec, the Teotihuacan, the Zapotec, the Maya and the Aztec before the first contact with Europeans. In 1521, Spain conquered and colonized the territory from its base in Mexico-Tenochtitlan, which was administered as the Viceroyalty of New Spain. This territory would eventually become Mexico as the colony independence was recognized in 1821. The post-independence period was characterized by economic instability, the Mexican-American War and territorial cession to the US, a civil war, two empires and a domest...