Phosphorus Compounds - Phosphate Reaction, Phosphate Homeostasis, Phosphoric Acids and Phosphates, Phosphate Transistasis, 1,3,2 (Paperback)

Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 27. Chapters: Phosphate reaction, Phosphate homeostasis, Phosphoric acids and phosphates, Phosphate transistasis, 1,3,2,4-Dithiadiphosphetane 2,4-disulfides, Lawesson's reagent, Tert-Butylphosphaacetylene, Bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium chloride, Ammonium phosphomolybdate, Woollins' reagent, Phosphazene, Diphosphene, Phosphomolybdic acid, Phosphinidene, Cyclodiphosphazane, Eaton's reagent. Excerpt: A phosphate reaction is a chemical reaction that leads to the transformation of one set of phosphates to another. The phosphate ion is a polyatomic ion with the empirical formula and a molar mass of 94.97 g/mol. It consists of one central phosphorus atom surrounded by four oxygen atoms in a tetrahedral arrangement. The phosphate ion carries a negative three formal charge. The phosphate ion is a hypervalent molecule (the phosphorus atom has 10 electrons in its valence shell). A phosphate salt forms when a positively charged ion attaches to the negatively charged oxygen atoms of the ion, forming an ionic compound. Many phosphates are not soluble in water at standard temperature and pressure. The sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium and ammonium phosphates are all water soluble. Most other phosphates are only slightly soluble or are insoluble in water. As a rule, the hydrogen and dihydrogen phosphates are slightly more soluble than the corresponding phosphates. The pyrophosphates are mostly water soluble. Aqueous phosphate exists in four forms. In strongly basic conditions, the phosphate ion () predominates, whereas in weakly basic conditions, the hydrogen phosphate ion () is prevalent. In weakly acid conditions, the dihydrogen phosphate ion () is most common. In strongly acidic conditions, trihydrogen phosphate () is the main form. A phosphate can occur as a salt of phosphoric acid or an ester of phosphoric acid (an organophosphate). Pho...