Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 60. Chapters: Robert Wornum, Bartolomeo Cristofori, Timothy Gilbert, Wm. Knabe & Co., Frederick Mathushek, Americus Backers, Conrad Graf, Gottfried Silbermann, C.F. Theodore Steinway, Thomas Edward Chickering, William Steinway, Carl Bechstein, Johann Andreas Stein, Anton Walter, Henry E. Steinway, Pascal Taskin, Perzina, Sebastien Erard, Finchcocks, Jonas Chickering, List of piano makers, Kirkman, Theodore E. Steinway, Alpheus Babcock, Cyrill Demian, Paul McNulty, George Wilkinson, Theodor August Heintzman, Henry Z. Steinway, Francis Ramacciotti, Karl Hals, James Shudi Broadwood, Johannes Zumpe, Jean-Henri Pape, Charles Stieff, Blanchet, Luigi Borgato, William Lindeman, Nannette Streicher, Goermans, Frederick William Collard, John Broadwood, Dulcken, Samuel Nordheimer, Guillaume-Lebrecht Petzold, Joseph Pramberger, Gaveau, Johann Andreas Streicher, Johann Baptist Streicher, Julius Bluthner, Octavius Beale, Ignaz Bosendorfer, Henry S. Parmalee, Dwight Hamilton Baldwin. Excerpt: Robert Wornum (1780-1852) was a piano maker working in London during the first half of the 19th century. He is best known for introducing small cottage and oblique uprights and an action considered to be the predecessor of the modern upright action which was used in Europe through the early 20th century. His piano manufacturing business eventually became Robert Wornum & Sons and continued half a century after his death. Art historian Ralph Nicholson Wornum (1812-1877) was his son. Nameboard labelRobert Wornum was born on October 1, 1780, son of music seller and violin maker Robert Wornum (1742-1815), who worked at Glasshouse street, London, and after about 1777, at 42 Wigmore Street, near Cavendish Square. Piano historian Alfred J. Hipkins wrote the younger Wornum was originally intended for the church, but by 1810 had the position of foreman at music selle...