University of Erfurt - University of Erfurt Alumni, University of Erfurt Faculty, Johannes Gutenberg, Karl Friedrich Bahrdt, Martin Luther (Paperback)

Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 45. Chapters: University of Erfurt alumni, University of Erfurt faculty, Johannes Gutenberg, Karl Friedrich Bahrdt, Martin Luther, Joseph Martin Kraus, Andreas Karlstadt, Ulrich von Hutten, Christoph Martin Wieland, Lorenz von Bibra, August Neidhardt von Gneisenau, Lorenz Christoph Mizler, Johann Crotus, George Spalatin, Conrad von Bibra, Winfried Brugger, Kai Brodersen, Justus Jonas, Georg Witzel, Johannes Musaeus, Johann Jakob Wilhelm Heinse, Hans Joas, David Hollatz, Jamal Malik, Matthaus Zell, Gabriel Zwilling. Excerpt: Martin Luther (10 November 1483 - 18 February 1546) was a German priest and professor of theology who initiated the Protestant Reformation. He strongly disputed the claim that freedom from God's punishment of sin could be purchased with money. He confronted indulgence salesman Johann Tetzel with his Ninety-Five Theses in 1517. His refusal to retract all of his writings at the demand of Pope Leo X in 1520 and the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V at the Diet of Worms in 1521 resulted in his excommunication by the pope and condemnation as an outlaw by the emperor. Luther taught that salvation is not earned by good deeds but received only as a free gift of God's grace through faith in Jesus Christ as redeemer from sin. His theology challenged the authority of the pope of the Roman Catholic Church by teaching that the Bible is the only source of divinely revealed knowledge and opposed sacerdotalism by considering all baptized Christians to be a holy priesthood. Those who identify with Luther's teachings are called Lutherans. His translation of the Bible into the language of the people (instead of Latin) made it more accessible, causing a tremendous impact on the church and on German culture. It fostered the development of a standard version of the German language, added several principles to the art of translation, and...