Willing Migrants - Soninke Labor Diasporas, 1848-1960 (Paperback, New edition)

Manchuelle suggests an alternative to traditional migration theory. Of all France's black African migrants, 85 per cent are Soninke from one area of West Africa. This study of their migration to Europe challenges the view that they were coerced by colonial tax and violence and claims that the evidence shows rather that they were indeed willing migrants. North America: Ohio U Press